How Does Automatic Transmission Change Gears

As drivers, we know how the transmission works: we push the clutch in, change the gear and then continue driving normally. Manual transmission also teaches us how to perform clutch control without stalling or rolling on an incline. So how does an automatic car change gears?
There are more parts in this system that makes it a more complicated system. An automatic car has something called a torque converter. For the car to move forward, whether manual or automatic, torque is needed for the initial momentum.
The torque converter is a fluid link where its job is to connect the engine to the transmission and the transmission to the driven wheels (Front Wheel Drive or Rear Wheel Drive).
The engine is connected to the transmission in a bell housing. This is where the torque converter is. The transmission also contains something called planetary gear sets which provide different gear ratios.
The engine’s flex plate is also connected to this torque converter. So the torque converter basically takes the place of a clutch in an automatic car. When the crankshaft rotates it also rotates the converter. This is how the torque converter will disconnect and connect the engine’s power to the load being driven.
The torque converter has main components that make automatic transmission successful. These include:

  • The impeller – connected to the engine which is responsible for driving the turbine using viscous forces on the transmission fluid.
  • The turbine – connected to the transmission input shaft that sends the torque force to the transmission.
  • The stator – which sits between the impeller and the turbine. It lessens churning losses.
    The lock up clutch.

During the compression of the fluid it returns from the turbine that works against the impeller and its rotating movement that also acts on the engine.
The stator redirects the fluid so that the majority of the velocity gets driven towards the impeller which then adds to the torque produced by the motor. It can only rotate in one direction if the impeller and turbine are moving at the same speed. Stators do not apply torque when on a highway, only when coming to a stop or accelerating.
A planetary gear set consists of a sun gear and planet gears which rotate around the central sun gear, like our solar system. A planet carrier gear connects the planet gears with a ring gear that meshes them. The planetary gear set prevents certain components from moving when using clutches and brakes. This alters the input and the output of the system that changes the overall gear ratio.
Depending on which component is fixed it will determine the final gear ratio. If a ring gear is stationery or fixed, the ratio will be shorter than if the sun gear is fixed or stationery.

Luxury Car Conversions: What The Whole Fuss Is

Having a personal car has been the matter of the status from the years and is expected to continue for many more years to come. The status of a person increases more in the society as soon as he drives a new car at his doorstep, and if the car is luxurious then undoubtedly the eyes of his neighbors stare at his place. This is mainly because the price tag of which the luxury cars are priced in international market. But having a luxury car is not the bag of everyone’s shoulder and therefore lots of the car lovers across the world have to sacrifice their desire of driving a luxurious car throughout their life and have to compromise the affordable car according to their budget for drive.

But, now all this is going to be the tale of yester years as now there are various options by which these cars owners can convert their existing car into a brand new luxurious car of their choice. Recognized as luxury car conversions this trend in recent years has flourished at jet dynamic speed across the world facilitating the regular car customize their car with the features that are offered in any of the luxurious cars being sold across the world. As the general practice is refers to the third-party customization which are not offered by the original manufacturer of that vehicle but customized on the demand of the car owners according to his requirement. In simple words, it may defined as the process where in the noticeable features of some standard car are converted in resemblance to some luxurious car.

An interesting feature of getting the car conversions is that along with integration of luxurious specifications it also helps in enhancing the comfort seating experience of the persons travelling in it. The conversion also impacts the functionality of machinery installed inside the bonnet and helps in offering superior performance of the car similar as offered by its original version. It would be interested to know that till few years this type of conversion was considered as an expensive investment pulling the car owners towards additional financial burden. But interestingly with entrance of different suppliers of the part of car conversions now days different types of kits are available in market which facilitate the car owners to convert their in accordance to their preference at their own end.

The commonly preferred cars that are converted into luxurious cars are Jaguar, Land Rover, Aston Martin, Ferrari, Lamborghini, Bentley, and The Vault.

An interesting feature of getting the car conversion is that the countries where the car enthusiasts get their converted into new avatar is that this conversion is strictly done according to the norms applicable in that country. For instance in the country where cars with left hand drive are preferred then in such country the conversion will be applied only with left hand drive to comply strictly according to its transportation law. Similarly in the countries where there is condition of political and social unrest the cars will be equipped with all saving standards that will protect the passengers from any type of bullet attack.

One more thing which needs to be specified about car conversions is that along with integration of luxurious features appropriate attention is paid towards the overall outlook of the car whether it is on its exterior or interior. This includes placement of lighting, plastic cladding, roof rails etc on the exterior front.

Jaguar Upgrades: To Boost Its Hidden Power And Stunning Appearance

The name of Jaguar doesn’t require any introduction to introduce itself in the world of the auto industry. The logo of Jaguar has been the reason of pride for the Great Britain from the years and interestingly, even today it successfully holds the flag of its success with full dominance. Driving the Jaguar is the dream of every car lover, but only few succeed in making their dream come true. The craze of car lovers towards Jaguar cars can be realized from the fact that those who are not able to buy the latest car by the maker are ready to pay any price for the classic models.

Now this might surprise to most of the people, that when these Jaguar enthusiasts are ready to pay any amount for the old version of Jaguar, why not they buy any of the latest models like XF, XJ or XK. Well, an answer to this question in simple words is a plethora of Jaguar upgrade options available in the market which offer them an advantage of enjoying the same power of these cars which they have been delivering during their first generation.

In the recent years trend of upgrading the mechanical features of both existing and newly purchased cars has flourished at jet dynamic speed across the world, facilitating the car and speed lover to enjoy hidden powers of their beloved car to a huge extent. And therefore upgrading the Jaguar cars is not an exception to it. The worth mentioning feature of upgrading the cars is that it makes the powerful cars more power with extra power that is derived by changing their computerized settings.

Now the question arises that what factors are looked after while upgrading any car? An answer to this question cannot be given in a single sentence and need to explain the process in points, that are summarized below:

Engine remapping and tuning: You will agree that an engine is the heart of every vehicle which facilitates smooth flow of fuel and air throughout the different components of the car. This function is similar to the human heart, which boosts blood throughout the body. As a little blockage in the veins in enough to block the flow of blood to the heart, similarly any problem in the functioning of an engine affects the whole performance of the vehicle. To get rid of this problem regular servicing doesn’t provide the acute solution and the problem can be solved only remapping and tuning the engine control unit of your vehicle.

The ECU is an on-the board device which can be re-mapped by erasing its existing settings with the help of required chip. The new settings are determined according to the requirements of the car owner. The engine remapping results not only in improvising the power and torque generation efficiencies of the vehicle but also its fuel efficiency.

Tuning the exhaust system: Being an expert car driver you must be aware about the working of an exhaust system. The main objective of the exhaust system is to throw out the hazardous gases from engine and make a smooth flow of air to enhance the power generation efficiency of the engine. But as your car gets older the pipes used for exhausting harmful gases get older and start offering poor performance. This adversely affects the functioning of the engine. To enjoy the huge power generation capability of the engine it is imperative that you should get the pipes of exhaust system replaced with strong stainless steel pipes that are capable of handling the powerful flow of gases smoothly.

Working of the clutch system and accelerator system: The combination of clutch and accelerator in accordance to engine results in improved fuel efficiency. Therefore, once you have re-mapped the engine control unit of your vehicle it becomes mandatory for you to upgrade the clutch and accelerator units of your car compatible to new engine settings to enjoy the full benefits of engine remapping.

Upgrading the wheels with carbon fibre wheel: The upgrading of car is not stagnated only to mechanical upgrades, but also involves cosmetic updates which are helpful in enhancing the looks of your car. Installing the carbon fibre wheels will given an aggressive appearance to your Jaguar. Apart from being blessed with stunning looks these wheels are developed by making use of strong material which further strengthens their sheet.

Interesting Facts About Lamborghini

1. Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. is an Italian automobile company that makes luxury, high end sports cars. Its has it headquarters in Sant’Agata Bolognese, near the city of Bologna, Italy. Lamborghini was founded by an Italian engineer Feruccio in 1963.

2. Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. emerged as a result of competition between Feruccio Lamborghini and Enzo Ferrari (of Ferrari cars ) who at that time already had been known as a famous manufacturer of sports cars. Feruccio Lamborghini himself was an accomplished engineer; he was an owner and manager of a successful company, which produced agricultural machinery. Feruccio loved sports cars and owned a Ferrari 250 GT. A rumour has it, that two great constructors had a conflict after Lamborghini had turned personally to Enzo Ferrari because of the broken clutch on his Ferrari 250 GT. It is believed that quick-tempered Enzo recommended Feruccio to deal exclusively with tractors, and never even touch a sports car. Feruccio Lamborghini took it as a challenge resolving to use his assets, experience, and passion to found a company, capable of going toe-to-toe with Ferrari.

3. This may come up as a surprise to some of you, but Lamborghini never participated in any major motorsports competitions. According to the will of Feruccio Lamborghini, his company stayed away from racing, because the famous Italian engineer always believed the motorsports to be a big waste of time and resources.

4. One thing Lamborgini was always known for is its top-notch design. Some of the best professionals in the industry, including Franco Scaglione, Touring, Zagato, Mario Marazzi, Bertone, ItalDesign and Marcello Gandini, worked on its visual design.

5. People usually think of luxury and high-performance grand tourers, whenever someone mentions the name Lamborghini. Nevertheless, the Italian automaker has created few unusual models. Feruccio Lamborghini had an extensive experience in producing tractors, so it seemed natural for him to try his hand at designing an automobile with high off-road capabilities. Lamborghini LM002 was the first SUV, built by Italian vehicle manufacturer. Combining speed and luxuriousness with exceptional off-road capabilities, Lamborghini LM002 was in many respects far ahead of its time. When it comes to comfort and ability to cross the difficult terrain, only Land Rover could compete with LM002. Unfortunately, automobile market was not quite ready for the new luxury SUV. Therefore, despite the orders from armed forces of Saudi Arabia and Libya, Lamborghini sold only 301 vehicles.

6. The Italian automaker launched its first production model in 1963. With the top speed of 280 km / h, Lamborghini 350GTV was a leader among production cars of its time.

7. The Italian company uses very distinctive naming convention for its car models. Feruccio Lamborghini was quite a fan of Spanish bullfight. In 1963, he visited the cattle-bred farm Miura in Seville. It was owned by Don Eduardo Miura Fernandez, one of the most famous breeders of fighting bulls in Spain. This visit had a strong influence on the Italian industrialist. In fact, he was so impressed by the traditional art of bullfighting, that he made a decision to name all his new sports cars after famous fighting bulls. Traditionally in Spanish bullfight, bulls that manage to defeat a matador are given life, and their names are forever inscribed in the history of the sport. Ferruccio Lamborghini was convinced, that a name of a fighting bull will emphasize the untamed nature of sports cars created under Lamborghini marque. By the way, Ferruccio Lamborghini himself was also a bull in a sense, since his zodiac sign was Taurus. (He was born on April 28, 1916).

8. The first model to be introduced to the world under the “bullish” name was Lamborghini Miura. The sports car debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in 1966. The public warmly received it; however, spectators were somewhat confused, since they were not allowed to open the hood. This was not a coincidence: there was simply no engine under it! Since the engine was still being designed, the prototype was sent to the Geneva Motor Show with a ballast instead of an engine under the hood. Eventually, Miura proved to be a very good car.

9. Lamborghini Countach was produced by the Italian company for 16 years (from 1974 to 1990). Notably, this sports car is one of the a few Lamborghini models, with a name that has nothing to do with bulls and bullfighting. The word “countach” comes from the Piedmontese language, spoken in a region of Piedmont in North-West of Italy. It is an expression of excitement or astonishment and can be translated as “Heavens!” According to the legend, Nuccio Bertone himself made such an exclamation when he saw the first sketches of the future supercar.

10. The story of Lamborghini was not always a story of success. In 1987, the American automobile giant Chrysler, practically saved it from oblivion by acquiring it. The same year, the Italian vehicle manufacturer presented a peculiar concept car under the name of Portofino. It was a sedan with four doors of the guillotine type, powered by a 3.5-liter engine installed at the rear. Although it remained only a prototype, its image and design was subsequently embodied in many Chrysler cars.

11. In 1994, Lamborghini was acquired by an Indonesian investment group. It was a period of uncertainty for the Italian marque. The German automobile giant Volkswagen saved the famous vehicle manufacturer. Since 1998, Volkswagen has controlled Lamborghini through its subdivision Audi. Undoubtedly, this was a mutually beneficial union for both companies.

12. The design of modern Lamborghini is unusual even for supercars. The steel-cut body style, which became the signature of most Lamborghini models, makes it akin to fighter planes. The designer Filippo Perini admitted that he drew an inspiration from military aviation. He was particularly impressed by American B-2 and F-22 aircraft while working on Lamborghini Aventador.

13. It turned out that the powerful Lamborghini V12 engine is a perfect fit for speedboats as well as supercars. Such a technical symbiosis is not a common thing in automobile industry. The luxury boat Riva Aquarama became one of the leaders of the market thanks to high performance and versatility of the incredible Lamborghini V12 engine.

14. Interestingly, Lamborghini cars are used by the police of United Arab Emirates and Italy. It makes sense if you think about it; nothing can detract criminals and attract tourists like the world’s fastest police car!

15. As we have already mentioned, Feruccio Lamborghini neglected motorsports and tried to stay away from it. Nevertheless, the Italian vehicle manufacturer is revising this strict policy, since today it is a handicap for an automaker that specializes in supercars to ignore motorsports in its entirety. Currently, the company has some notable presence in the world of car racing. The Lamborghini Blancpain Super Trofeo is an example of a successful collaboration between the two legendary brands. Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. and the Swiss watchmaker Blancpain teamed up to launch this prestigious international motor racing series. In 2009, the Swiss company even presented a special watch, dedicated to this mono-brand
championship.

16. This surprises no one that Lamborghini brand has some of the most impressive achievements in the automobile world. The last one was 384 km / h speed record set by the Lamborghini Huracan during half a mile race.

17. Lamborghini has a very long and fruitful relationship with Italian wheel manufacturer PIRELLI. From the day one, PIRELLI tyres were used on all Lamborghini vehicles. The Italian automaker even created the special version of Lamborghini AVENTADOR, dedicated to PIRELLI.

18. Lamborghini AVENTADOR has a designation of LP 700-4 700 where “700” stands for 700 h/p engine and “4” for a four-wheel-drive.

19. Lamborghini is partly responsible for the emerging of the well-known automobile marque Pagani. The founder of the Pagani Automobili S.p.A, Horacio Pagani, had worked as an engineer at Lamborghini until he quit due to inability to employ his own ideas. In 1988, the famous Argentinian constructor, eager to put in use his designer talent and make his own product, created a new company Pagani Automobili S.p.A.

20. Nowadays, Lamborghini supercars are powered by either V8 or V12 engines. The ratio between those two engine types is approximately 3:1.

The Mercedes Tuning – What Are The Reasons To Tune Your Vehicle?

We are very well aware of the shooting fuel prices in the market. Hence, it is crucial to tune your Mercedes, so that it delivers great mpg. There are many reasons of the Mercedes tuning like better acceleration, enhanced torque, great economy, more power, healthier engine etc.

We have seen rapid growth in the technology in the field of automobiles. The super chip tuning technology is developed especially for the premium cars like Mercedes. The tuning is efficient for both the petrol and diesel version of car. It will ensure that your car gives best performance without any hassle.

Importance of tuning

Once the vehicle is tuned, it will reduce the emission and improve the performance by 15%. It is quite obvious that tuning will help your vehicle in multiple ways. However, you must tune the vehicle timely to avoid any inconvenience. The experts recommend visiting to the mechanic once in three months. The professionals will make sure that none of the part needs repairing.

As the fuel prices have increased, so does the dependency on vehicles. It is crucial to keep your car in good shape. If you maintain the car properly, then the car will run efficiently for long years without any hassle. Else, it would require regular repairing that will ultimately lead to lower mpg and reduce the performance.

What to consider while tuning the exhaust system?

The exhaust system of the Mercedes includes a front pipe, exhaust manifold, catalyst converter, silencer, exhaust tip and tail pipe. While tuning the system, muffler is the easiest to deal. The professionals will replace the stock muffler with high performance muffler.

As a result, you will get a free flow exhaust system. You must keep in mind that the inlet and outlet pipe of the muffler is of the same size as front and tail pipe. Check out the diameter of tail and front pipe. They must have same dimensions for better performance. Other terms of the exhaust system is a little complicated to understand. You must have knowledge of the engine’s power band, exhaust back pressure and usable RPM.

If excessive pressure is produced by the system, then it will have a negative impact on the performance of the engine. This will restrict the flow of exhaust gases. As a result, the engine will be inefficient to expel exhaust gases. Ultimately, it would lead to much reduced engine power.

Dos and the don’ts

Make sure that you never attach pea-shooter instead of the exhaust system to the engine. You must also not install a 10 inch wastewater pipe. In case the exhaust pipe is big enough, then it will lead to much reduced flow velocity of the gases. You have to keep in mind to get the exhaust back pressure perfect.

While tuning the exhaust system, the professionals aim to increase the power of the engine by the right exhaust tuning.